Frequency hopping

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Frequency hopping is a spread-spectrum technique in which a transmitter rapidly changes its carrier frequency according to a sequence known to both transmitter and receiver. The available band is divided into many channels, and communication moves among them over time.

The receiver must remain synchronised with the hopping pattern to recover the message. Patterns may be pseudorandom, while the hop rate can range from slower than the data symbols to many hops during each symbol.

Hopping can reduce the effects of narrowband interference, frequency-selective fading, congestion, and intentional jamming. It can also allow several users to share a band when their hop sequences and timing are coordinated.

The technique is used in military radios, Bluetooth, industrial systems, cordless devices, and some wireless networks. Practical design involves channel spacing, dwell time, synchronisation, regulatory limits, error correction, and coexistence with other spectrum users.

Source details and credits

• Source / publisher: Wikipedia
• URL type: WWW
• Credits: Wikipedia
• URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_hopping